Blood pressure refers to the pressure exerted by circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels and especially the arteries. During every single heartbeat, the pressure of pumping blood throughout the body refers to it. Systolic and diastolic are two types of blood pressures, the former one indicates maximum blood pressure while the other indicates the minimum blood pressure. This factor is only responsible for the blood flow in the whole body.
Mean blood pressure decreases as soon as the blood moves away from the heart through arteries, veins and capillaries due to an extreme loss of energy. It drops over the whole circulation, although that occurs in the small arteries and arterioles. Gravity affects blood pressure via hydrostatic forces. The arterial pressure is usually measured with the upper arm; the brachial artery’s measure is always taken, one of the major arteries in the upper arm. The measurement used for measuring blood pressure is the number of millimeters of mercury. In a recent survey it has been found that more than 1 billion people suffer from B.P.; it has been predicted that by 2025 over half a billion humans will die because of it. This has become a silent killer and has also become a major of concern. This not only concerns the Western world but also other parts of the world like Africa have also started becoming its prey nowadays.
According to a recent survey in accordance with the High Blood Pressure & Health Policy (2005), in North America approximately 31.8% of people above 37 years suffer from blood pressure, with Germany topping the charts at 55.3%. People between the ages of 29 to 36 years have B.P. live in Canada, China, Egypt, South Africa and Cameroon. The dramatic rise in numbers is directly fuelling the number of patients related to BP. Western Europe, Sweden, Italy and England are the worst hit countries in the world. The biggest risk of the same is even more in the developing countries like India.
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The normal blood pressure is different in four stages which are normal, prehypertension, stage 1 high blood pressure and stage 2 high Bp. In the first it should be less than 120/80 while in prehypertension it can range from 120-139/80-89. Stage 1 high BP is confirmed when it rises into the bracket of 140-159/90-99 and stage 2 BP is confirmed when BP is in the range of 160 and above/100 and above.
The causes of blood pressure vary from one to another but the symptoms remain the same in each case. Obesity, smoking, lack of physical activity, stress, old age, genetics, too much salt in diet, alcohol consumption, chronic kidney diseases, adrenal & thyroid disorders and family history of BP are the mostly observed factors in blood pressure. Smokers, African-Americans, pregnant women, women who take birth-control pills, people over the age of 35 years, obese individuals, lethargic humans, people binging on junk & fatty foods and family history of BP are the ones who are likely to develop this problem in an early age. Treatment for all such problems depends at the time of diagnosis and accordingly the medicines and treatment is done. Antibiotics and other medicines are usually prescribed after judging the condition of the blood pressure. Therefore, it is advised that everyone should take good care of their body and eating habits in order to avoid the ‘silent killer’.
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